Management model for predicting nitrate leaching from grassland catchments in the United Kingdom: 1. Model development

نویسندگان

  • H. J. E. RODDA
  • H. J. E. Rodda
چکیده

This paper describes the development of a field-scale model that simulates the nitrogen (N) cycle in grazed grassland within a catchment-scale management model which can predict the loading and concentration of nitrate in rivers. The development is comprised of the addition of two sub-models of nitrate transport: one relating the amount of soil nitrate to its concentration in drainage water for different types of soil, and the second accounting for the proportion of permeable rock underlying the catchment. The sub-model that calculates the supply and transport of soil nitrate has been made sensitive to annual patterns of weather according to a classification based on the maximum soil water deficit. The model predictions were tested against best estimates of annual load and peak concentration of nitrate in rivers draining 11 small, predominantly grassland, catchments in the UK during the period 1974-1987. Un modèle de gestion pour la prévision du lessivage des nitrates dans des bassins herbeux du Royaume Uni: 1. Développement du modèle Résumé Cet article décrit un modèle simulant le cycle de l'azote à l'échelle d'une parcelle de prairie pâturée, inclus dans un modèle de gestion à l'échelle du bassin, susceptible de décrire la charge et la concentration des nitrates dans les rivières. Le modèle comprend deux sous-modèles de transport des nitrates: l'un reliant la concentration des nitrates dans les eaux drainées à travers différents types de sols à la quantité de nitrates stockés dans ces sols, le second prenant en compte la fraction de roches perméables du bassin. Le sous-modèle calculant l'approvisionnement et le transport des nitrates du sol répond aux variations climatiques annuelles selon un schéma fondé sur le maximum du déficit en eau du sol. Les prévisions du modèle ont été confrontées aux meilleures estimations de la charge annuelle et de la concentration de pointe de 11 rivières du Royaume Uni drainant de petits bassins versants à dominante herbeuse pour la période allant de 1974 à 1987. Open for discussion until 1 February 1996 434 H. J. E. Rodda et al.

برای دانلود رایگان متن کامل این مقاله و بیش از 32 میلیون مقاله دیگر ابتدا ثبت نام کنید

ثبت نام

اگر عضو سایت هستید لطفا وارد حساب کاربری خود شوید

منابع مشابه

ارزیابی مدل DSSAT v4.5 به منظور شبیه‌سازی آبشویی نیترات در مزرعه ذرت در سطوح مختلف آب و کود نیتروژنی

Nitrate leaching from agricultural lands can pollute groundwater, and the degree of pollution caused significantly depends on agricultural practices implemented on farms. Field studies required to evaluate the effects of various agricultural management strategies on nitrate leaching are expensive and time consuming. As a result, it is suggested to use crop models to simulate the effects of mana...

متن کامل

Application of SWAT Model to Simulate Nitrate and Phosphate Leaching from Agricultural Lands to Rivers

In the present study, the amount of nitrate and phosphate leaching from agricultural lands into the Zanjanrood River in Iran was simulated using the Soil & Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model. The measured average monthly discharges at the Sarcham station were used to calibrate and validate the SWAT model, and the SWAT Calibration and Uncertainty Program (SWAT-CUP) model was applied to perform t...

متن کامل

Reply to Castellano and David: Long-term fate of nitrate fertilizer and nitrate from agricultural catchments.

We thank Castellano and David for their insightful comments (1) on our paper (2), in which they point out that short-term changes in land use and agricultural management can lead to rapid reductions in nitrate leaching from agricultural systems. We fully agree with Castellano and David that in diversified cropping systems, this N distribution may be different, potentially resulting in reduced n...

متن کامل

Effect on nitrate concentration in stream water of agricultural practices in small catchments in Brittany : II. Temporal variations and mixing processes

In catchments with impervious bedrock, the nitrate concentrations in streamwater often show marked seasonal and small inter-annual variations. The inter-annual trends are usually attributed to changes in nitrogen inputs, due to changes in land use or in nitrogen deposition whereas seasonal patterns are explained in terms of availability of soil nitrate for leaching and of seasonality of nitroge...

متن کامل

واسنجی آب‌شویی نیترات و نوسانات سطح ایستابی در زمین‌های شالیزاری با استفاده از نرم‌افزار DRAINMOD-N

Fertilizers in agriculture are potential sources of environmental pollution, especially in ground water quality and soil resources. Studying factors effective in water and nutrient transport through soil profile is helpful for nutrient management to minimize adverse impacts on environment and nitrate leaching below the root zone. In this study, the ground water level and nitrate leaching transp...

متن کامل

ذخیره در منابع من


  با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید

عنوان ژورنال:

دوره   شماره 

صفحات  -

تاریخ انتشار 2007